Fluctuación poblacional de trips en cultivo de crisantemo (Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Polaris) asociado con cempasúchil (Tagetes erecta)

Abstract

Population fluctuation of thrips in chrysanthemum crops (Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Polaris) associated with marigolds (Tagetes erecta).

The chrysanthemum is recognized as one of the most required cut flowers by the floristry industry nationally and worldwide. It is grown in different regions of the state of Mexico in macrotunnel and pot systems. The most important pest that affects it is thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) due to its ability to damage the epidermis of the petals, the tissue is distorted by sucking the cellular contents, causing an unsightly defect and therefore, lower commercial quality. Due to its habit of taking refuge in plant structures with little access. Its control is difficult and agrochemicals are generally used that have a detrimental effect on the environment and human health. A possible control alternative is the use of spatial arrangements in association with attractive or repellent plants for the insect such as marigolds (Tagetes erecta). This work was carried out in Greenhouse six of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, “El Cerrillo” University Campus, UAEMéx; The vegetative material was cuttings of chrysanthemum cv. polaris from Villa Guerrero and criollo marigold seedlings. The treatments used corresponded to the spatial arrangements: T1 (1 marigold; 12 chrysanthemums), T2 (4 marigolds; 12 chrysanthemums), T3 (5 marigolds; 12 chrysanthemums), T4 (6 marigolds; 12 chrysanthemums), T5 (7 marigolds; 12chrysanthemums), T6 (10 marigolds; 12 chrysanthemums), T7 (Witness). The experimental design used was completely randomized with five repetitions, it was managed conventionally, without the application of agrochemicals and two yellow traps were placed per treatment. The number of thrips captured in the traps for each treatment was evaluated throughout the chrysanthemum cycle. The results indicated that there was no significant statistical difference between treatments although a higher population incidence of thrips was always shown in T1 (1 marigold; 12 chrysanthemums), likewise the analysis of the area under the curve indicated a higher density value in T1 (1 marigolds; 12 chrysanthemums) throughout the cycle, followed by T3 (5 marigolds; 12 chrysanthemums) and which were statistically different from T4 (6 marigolds; 12 chrysanthemums), T2 (4 marigolds; 12 chrysanthemums) and T7 (Control) that were presented. lower incidence. It is concluded that Tagetes erecta acted as a natural attractant plant for thrips throughout its phenological cycle.