Resumen:
Background Existing medical therapeutic strategies to
achieve and maintain clinically significant weight loss in
morbid obesity remain limited and the biliopancreatic
diversion (BPD) is still the most effective among the bariatric
surgical procedures. Our objective was to evaluate the
weight and food intake after this procedure in a rat model.
Methods Rats randomly underwent one of the following
protocols (1) BPD (n=12) versus sham (n=12) with a
follow-up period of 30 days and (2) BPD (n=4) versus pairfed
(PF; n=4) with a follow-up period of 50 days. Under
intraperitoneal anesthesia with ketamine–xilacine, a subcardinal
corpo-antral gastrectomy was made, preserving the
gastric fundus that was anastomosed to a jejunal limb after
dissecting the proximal jejunum 5 cm below the ligament
of Treitz to form the alimentary limb. The biliopancreatic
limb was terminolaterally anastomosed to the distal ileum
5 cm above the ileocecal valve to form the common limb.
Sham animals underwent only abdominal incision. Weight
and food intake were measured every day.
Results In protocol 1, after postoperative day 30, BPD rats
exhibited a mean weight reduction of 17.9% while shams
increased 12.4%. There was no difference in food intake
adjusted per 100 g of body weight. In protocol 2, after
postoperative day 50, BPD rats had a mean weight
reduction of 22.6% and, despite increasing their caloric
intake from a mean of 42.6 after 6 days to 65.8 kcal/day
after 50 days, they kept a similar mean weight of 344.0 and340.2 g, respectively; on the contrary, PF rats exhibited a
30.8% body weight gain.
Conclusions After the BPD, body weight is maintained
independently of changes in food and energy intake.