EFECTO DE LA ESTRUCTURA DE LA VEGETACIÓN EN LA AVIFAUNA EN DOS TIPOS DE BOSQUE DEL NEVADO DE TOLUCA

Abstract

According to Mac Arthur and Mac Arthur (1961), the structure of the vegetation and its specific composition are key factors that determine the selection of the bird’s habitat, so the modifications made will affect the bird communities. In this work, the vegetal strata of the two types of forests was characterized and quantified, in order to estimate and compare the richness and diversity of the birds. The study area was the regenerated forest of the Cacalomacán Ecological Park (secondary coniferous forest) and the native forest of Amanalco de Becerra (coniferous forest with natural vegetation). The avifauna sample was conducted in both forests during the months of January to May in 2015. The PERMANOVA and ANOSIM tests were performed to estimate the significance of the Euclidean distances between and within the sampling sites, and the forests for the Characteristics of vegetation strata (herbaceous, shrubs and trees). Accumulation curves of bird species were made based on the accumulated number of networks. In the native forest, 257 individuals of 42 species, 27 genera and 15 families were reported and in the reforested forest 206 individuals, of 35 types, 27 genera, 13 families and two orders. The curves of specie accumulation do not differentiate between the forests and the number of species and residents. The vegetation structure attributes that make the differences between native and restored forests are density for herbaceous and trees, dominance for trees, and the Importance Value Index for shrubs. The reforestation was a disturbance that did not significantly affect the diversity and richness of the bird community since its composition was similar in both forests.